Lobo, L; Paul, D; Velu, C (2025) GPS timekeeping is increasingly vulnerable: here’s how to deliver future-proofed time. Nature, 645 (8081). pp. 585-588. ISSN 0028-0836

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Abstract

In our digitally connected world, when we communicate with our mobile phones, do an internet search, send an email or pay a bill online, most people do not realise that all these actions depend on accurate timing. Accurate timing for synchronisation is also essential for generating and distributing our critical infrastructure, financial transactions, precision agriculture, transport and logistics for delivering parcels to homes, and a host of other essential functions in our everyday lives.

The success of satellite systems to provide precise timing signals is evident through our dependency on the technologies such as GPS. These signals are weak and vulnerable to interference, new developments being essential to provide alternative options. In the UK this alternative is a plan to implement a supporting terrestrial system as a nationwide time infrastructure through the National Timing Centre.

There are three major areas to focus to address vulnerability in GNSS for timing information, namely internalising externalities, developing new value propositions, and incentives to link heterogeneous local timing systems.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Time and Frequency > Time
Divisions:	Time & Frequency
Identification number/DOI:	10.1038/d41586-025-02921-z
Last Modified:	27 Mar 2026 11:59
URI:	https://eprintspublications.npl.co.uk/id/eprint/10366