Bacquart, T; Murugan, A; Carré, M; Gozlan, B; Auprêtre, F; Haloua, F; Aarhaug, T A (2018) Probability of occurrence of ISO 14687-2 contaminants in hydrogen: Principles and examples from steam methane reforming and electrolysis (water and chlor-alkali) production processes model. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43 (26). pp. 11872-11883. ISSN 03603199

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Abstract

According to European Directive 2014/94/EU, hydrogen providers have the responsibility to prove that their hydrogen is of suitable purity for fuel cell vehicles. Impurities may originate from hydrogen production, transportation, refuelling station or maintenance operation. This study investigated the probability of presence of the 13 gaseous impurities (ISO 14687-2) in hydrogen on 3 production processes: steam methane reforming (SMR) process with pressure swing adsorption (PSA), chlor-alkali membrane electrolysis process and water proton exchange membrane electrolysis process with temperature swing adsorption. The rationale behind the probability of impurity presence according to process knowledge and existing barriers is highlighted. No impurity was identified as possible or frequent for the three production processes except oxygen (frequent for chlor-alkali membrane process), carbon monoxide (frequent) and nitrogen (possible) for SMR with PSA. Based on it, a hydrogen quality assurance plan following ISO 19880-8 can be devised to support hydrogen providers in monitoring the relevant impurities.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	ISO14687-2 hydrogen purity fuel cell electrical vehicle probability of occurrence hydrogen production process ISO 19880-8
Subjects:	International > Metrology
Divisions:	Chemical, Medical & Environmental Science
Identification number/DOI:	10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.084
Last Modified:	29 Nov 2018 15:15
URI:	https://eprintspublications.npl.co.uk/id/eprint/8176