Report/Guide

Turnbull, A; Maxwell, A S; Pillai, S; White, J R (2025) Measurement of residual stress in polymeric mouldings. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 10 (Issue 2)

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L (2020) Finite element calculation of stress intensity factor for cracks developing from corrosion pit. NPL Report. National Physical Laboratory. MAT 95

Hesketh, J; Dickinson, E J F; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Influence of H2S on the localised corrosion of 316L stainless steel Part 2 - Electrochemical testing. NPL Report. National Physical Laboratory. MAT 94

Hesketh, J; Dickinson, E J F; McMahon, G; Martin, M; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Influence of H2S on the localised corrosion of 316L stainless steel: Part 1 - Coupon testing. NPL Report. National Physical Laboratory. MAT 92

Zhang, Y; Cook, A; Padovani, C; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2020) In Situ Crack Growth Measurements of Atmospheric Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of 316L Stainless Steel for HAW Containers. NPL Report. MAT 91

Tiller, A K; Munn, P; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Avoidance of corrosion in plumbing systems (Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control No. 8). Other.

Francis, R; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Bimetallic Corrosion (Guides for Good Practice in Corrosion Control No. 5). Other.

Harvey, D W; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Corrosion control for buried pipelines (Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control No.4). Other.

Francis, R; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Corrosion control for pumps and valves (Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control No. 6). Other.

Rogers, R; Morgan, P; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2020) Temporary Corrosion Protection (Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control No. 7). Other.

Turnbull, A (2017) Corrosion issues associated with additive manufacturing with stainless steel - implications for testing. NPL Report. MAT 86

Guo, L; Zhou, S; Crocker, L; Turnbull, A (2016) Characterisation of initiation sites for cracks developed from pits in a shot-peened 12Cr blade steel. NPL Report. MAT 83

Guo, L; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2016) Electrochemical polarisation measurements on a 12Cr martensitic stainless steel in dilute NaCl. NPL Report. MAT 84

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2016) Finite element analysis of stress distribution around corrosion pit in shot-peened steel. NPL Report. MAT 81

Wright, L; Turnbull, A (2015) FE analysis of stress and strain localisation associated with microtopographical features in corrosion pits. NPL Report. MAT 78

Turnbull, A; Wright, L (2014) Hydrogen permeation modelling with generalised boundary conditions at the charging surface. NPL Report. MAT 69

Turnbull, A (2014) On irreversible trapping of hydrogen in metals. NPL Report. MAT 68

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2014) Four point bend testing - finite element analysis of the stress and strain distribution accounting for lateral specimen curvature. NPL Report. MAT 66

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2014) Four point bend testing - finite element analysis of the stress and strain distribution. NPL Report. MAT 63

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2013) Finite element analysis of the effect of residual stress on the distribution of stress and strain associated with a single pit. NPL Report. MAT 60

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2011) Finite element analysis of the effect of pit shape on local stress and strain distribution. NPL Report. MAT 51

Wain, A J; Zhou, S; Cox, D; Turnbull, A (2010) Novel focused ion beam-milled probes for combined scanning electrochemical microscopy - atomic force microscopy. NPL Report. MAT 48

Turnbull, A; Fry, A T (2008) Residual stress determination in laser-peened high strength low alloy steel - comparison of methodologies and reproducibility. NPL Report. MAT 27

Nicholson, P; Zhou, S; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2008) Scanning electrochemical microscopy activity mapping of model fuel cell catalyst films. NPL Report. MAT 20

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2007) Stress corrosion short crack growth measurement for a steam turbine disc steel. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 041

Turnbull, A; Crocker, L E (2006) Finite element analysis of the stress and strain associated with a corrosion pit in a cylindrical specimen under applied tensile loading. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 034

Turnbull, A; Pitts, J J; Lord, J D (2006) Residual stress relaxation in shot-peened high strength low alloy steel. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 024

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2005) Effect of stress transients on the crack propagation rate in steam disc steel. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 017

Turnbull, A (2005) Integrity of short-peened high strength steel components in the context of residual stress relaxation and hydrogen uptake - a critique. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 022

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2005) Impact of water chemistry transients on pitting and stress corrosion cracking of a steam turbine disc steel. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 013

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2005) Pitting and cracking of a steam turbine disc steel in out-of-specification water chemistry. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 014

Turnbull, A (2005) Electrochemical scanning probe microscopy - an overview. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 011

Turnbull, A (2005) Stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steels in concentrated brines - a critique of testing. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 008

Turnbull, A; Nimmo, W (2004) Methodology for determining the resistance of welded corrosion resistant alloys to stress corrosion using the four-point bend method. NPL Report. DEPC-MPE 007

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2003) Effect of oxygen and chloride on pitting and stress corrosion cracking of steam turbine disc steel. NPL Report. MATC(A)133

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (2003) Assessment of the role of the acetic acid/acetate buffer in corrosion/stress corrosion testing of modified 13 Cr stainless steels and carbon steels. NPL Report. MATC(A)131

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J (2002) Corrosion and cracking of weldable 13 Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel - a review. NPL Report. MATC(A)108

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J; Nimmo, W; Orkney, L P (2002) Evaluation of the susceptibility of a carbon steel weldment to preferential corrosion using the galvanostatic method - a guide to testing. NPL Report. MATC(A)117

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2002) Steam turbine operating conditions, chemistry of condensates and environment assisted cracking - a critical review. NPL Report. MATC(A)95

Nimmo, W; Griffiths, A J; Orkney, L P; Mensah, A; Turnbull, A (2001) Evaluation of techniques for measuring the corrosion activity of carbon steel welds. NPL Report. MATC(A)34

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2001) Environment assisted cracking of steam turbine disc and blade steels - description of test procedure and preliminary results. NPL Report. MATC(A)41

Zhou, S; Coleman, D; Turnbull, A (2001) Application of neural networks to predict sulphide stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steels. NPL Report. MATC(A)21

Zhou, S; Coleman, D; Turnbull, A (2001) Development of neural networks to predict general corrosion of duplex stainless steels. NPL Report. MATC(A)22

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2000) Environmental stress cracking of polymeric materials. NPL Report. CMMT(A)288

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2000) Characterisation of environment stress cracking susceptibility of weld-line defects by the chemical probe technique. NPL Report. CMMT(A)269

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2000) Development of ACPD technique for short and long crack measurement. NPL Report. CMMT(A)254

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (1999) Development of a pre-pitting procedure for turbine disc steel project DME11: Stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue from pits. NPL Report. CMMT(A)200

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1999) Corrosion testing of welds. Technical Report. NPL, UK.

Turnbull, A; Reid, T A (1999) Environment assisted cracking from pits: a review of life prediction methodologies. Technical Report. NPL, UK.

Griffiths, A J; Mercer, A D; Turnbull, A (1999) Test methods for corrosion inhibitors. Technical Report. NPL, UK.

Turnbull, A; Maxwell, A S (1999) Test methods for environmental stress cracking of polymeric materials. Technical Report. NPL, UK.

Turnbull, A; Falla, N*; Smith, A*; White, D* (1996) Accelerated weathering of UPVC. NPL Report. CMMT(A)45

Hutchings, R B; Ferriss, D H; Turnbull, A (1993) Ratio of specimen thickness to detection area for reliable hydrogen permeation measurement. NPL Report. DMM(A)103

Turnbull, A; Ferriss, D H; Anzai, H* (1993) A preliminary model for crack-tip hydrogen transport. NPL Report. DMM(A)84

Article

Kairy, S; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A; Hinds, G (2023) Corrosion of pipeline steel in dense phase CO2 containing impurities: A critical review of test methodologies. Corrosion Science, 214. 110986

Hesketh, J; McClelland, N; Zhang, Y; Green, C; Turnbull, A (2021) Influence of additive manufacturing by laser powder bed fusion on the susceptibility of Alloy 718 to hydrogen embrittlement. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 56 (6). pp. 565-574.

Martínez-Pañeda, E; Díaz, A; Wright, L; Turnbull, A (2020) Generalised boundary conditions for hydrogen transport at crack tips. Corrosion Science, 173. p. 108698. ISSN 0010938X

Hesketh, J; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2019) Sour Testing of 316L Stainless Steel: Comparison of Four-Point Bend and Uniaxial Tensile Test Methods. CORROSION, 75 (7). pp. 779-789. ISSN 0010-9312

Larrosa, N O; Ainsworth, R A; Akid, R; Budden, P J; Davies, C M; Hadley, I; Tice, D R; Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2017) 'Mind the gap' in fitness-for-service assessment procedures-review and summary of a recent workshop. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 158. pp. 1-19.

Turnbull, A; Zhang, S (2017) Impact of solution conductivity and crack size on the mechanism of environmentally assisted crack growth in steam turbines. Corrosion Reviews, 35 (4-5). pp. 267-274.

Turnbull, A; Wright, L (2017) Modelling the electrochemical crack size effect on stress corrosion crack growth rate. Corrosion Science, 126. pp. 69-77.

Turnbull, A (2017) Characterizing the early stages of crack development in environment assisted cracking. Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology, 52 (7). pp. 533-540.

Guo, L; Zhou, S Q; Crocker, L; Turnbull, A (2017) Initiation sites for cracks developed from pits in a shot-peened 12Cr martensitic stainless steel. Int. J. Fatigue, 98. pp. 195-202.

Wickstrom, L; Mingard, K P; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2016) Microcrack clustering in stress corrosion cracking of 22Cr and 25Cr duplex stainless steels. Corros. Sci., 109. pp. 86-93.

Abda, J; Davies, H; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2016) Novel approach to validation of thermodynamic models for the chemistry of oilfield environments. Corrosion, 72 (5). pp. 587-597.

Wickstrom, L; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2015) Influence of weld preparation procedure and heat tinting on sulfide stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel. Corrosion, 71 (8). pp. 1036-1047.

Jothi, S*; Croft, T N*; Wright, L; Turnbull, A; Brown, S G R* (2015) Multi-phase modelling of intergranular hydrogen segregation/trapping for hydrogen embrittlement. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 40 (43). pp. 15105-15123.

Lukaszewicz, M*; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2015) Novel concepts on the growth of corrosion fatigue small and short cracks. Solid State Phenomena, 227. pp. 3-6.

Lukaszewicz, M*; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2015) Novel concepts on the growth of corrosion fatigue small and short cracks. Mater. Corros. Werkst. Korros., 66 (12). pp. 1488-1490.

Turnbull, A (2015) Perspectives on hydrogen uptake, diffusion and trapping. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 40 (47). pp. 16961-16970.

Zhou, S; Lukaszewicz, M; Turnbull, A (2015) Small and short crack growth and the solution-conductivity dependent electrochemical crack size effect. Corros. Sci., 97. pp. 25-37.

Schonbauer, B M*; Stanzl-Tschegg, S E*; Perlega, A*; Salzman, R N*; Rieger, N F*; Turnbull, A; Zhou, S Q; Lukaszewicz, M; Gandy, D* (2015) The influence of corrosion pits on the fatigue life of 17-4PH steam turbine blade steel. Eng. Fract. Mech., 147. pp. 158-175.

Turnbull, A (2014) Corrosion pitting and environmentally assisted small crack growth. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 470 (2169). 20140254

Schonbauer, B M*; Stanzl-Tschegg, S E*; Perlega, A*; Salzman, R N*; Rieger, N F*; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A; Gandy, D* (2014) Fatigue life estimation of pitted 12% Cr steam turbine blade steel in difference environments and different stress ratios. Int. J. Fatigue, 65. pp. 33-43.

Hinds, G; Wickstrom, L; Abda, J; Turnbull, A; Smith, V*; Woollam, R* (2014) Novel method for determination of pitting susceptibility in aggressive environments at elevated temperature and pressure. Corros. Sci., 85. pp. 33-41.

Hinds, G; Wickstrom, L; Mingard, K P; Turnbull, A (2013) Impact of surface condition on sulphide stress corrosion cracking of 316L stainless steel. Corros. Sci., 71. pp. 43-52.

Turnbull, A (2012) The environmentally small/short crack growth effect : current understanding. Corros. Rev., 30 (1-2). pp. 1-17.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2011) Comparative evaluation of environment induced cracking of conventional and advanced steam turbine blade steels. Part 2: Corrosion fatigue. Corros. Sci., 53 (1). pp. 503-512.

Tsoi, W C; Spencer, S J; Yang, L; Ballantyne, A M*; Nicholson, P G; Turnbull, A; Shard, A G; Murphy, C E; Bradley, D D C*; Nelson, J*; Kim, J S* (2011) Effect of crystallisation on the electronic energy levels and thin film morphology of P3HT:PCBM blends. Macromolecules, 44 (8). pp. 2944-2952.

Wain, A J; Cox, D; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2011) High aspect ratio needle probes for combined scanning electrochemical microscopy - Atomic Force Microscopy. Electrochem. Commun., 13 (1). pp. 78-81.

Horner, D A*; Connolly, B J*; Zhou, S; Crocker, L E; Turnbull, A (2011) Novel images of stress corrosion cracks from corrosion pits. Corros. Sci., 53 (11). pp. 3466-3485.

Turnbull, A; Mingard, K P; Lord, J D; Roebuck, B; Tice, D R*; Mottershead, K J*; Fairweather, N D*; Bradbury, A K* (2011) Sensitivity of stress corrosion cracking of stainless steel to surface machining and grinding procedure. Corros. Sci., 53 (10). pp. 3398-3415.

Turnbull, A (2010) 2009 W R Whitney award lecture: Local hydrogen generation and its impact on environment assisted cracking and on crevice corrosion. Corrosion, 66 (5). 055001

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2010) Comparative evaluation of environment induced cracking of conventional and advanced steam turbine blade steels. Part 1: Stress corrosion cracking. Corros. Sci., 52 (9). pp. 2936-2944.

Turnbull, A; Wright, L; Crocker, L E (2010) New insight into the pit-to-crack transition from finite element analysis of the stress and strain distribution around a corrosion pit. Corros. Sci., 52 (4). pp. 1492-1498.

Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2010) Novel multi-electrode test method for evaluating inhibition of underdeposit corrosion. Part 1: Sweet conditions. Corrosion, 66 (4). 046001

Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2010) Novel multi-electrode test method for evaluating inhibition of underdeposit corrosion. Part 2: Sour conditions. Corrosion, 66 (5). 056002

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2010) Residual stress relaxation in shot-peened high strength low alloy steel and its implications for hydrogen assisted cracking. Mater. Sci. Technol., 26 (7). pp. 824-832.

Turnbull, A; Horner, D A*; Connolly, B J* (2009) Challenges in modelling the evolution of stress corrosion cracking from pits. Eng. Fract. Mech., 76 (5). pp. 633-640.

Nicholson, P G; Zhou, S; Hinds, G; Wain, A J; Turnbull, A (2009) Electrocatalytic activity mapping of model fuel cell catalyst films using scanning electrochemical microscopy. Electrochim. Acta, 54 (19). pp. 4525-4533.

Hinds, G; Cooling, P; Wain, A J; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2009) Measurement of pH in concentrated brines. Corrosion, 65 (10). pp. 635-638.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S; Nicholson, P; Hinds, G (2008) Chemistry of concentrated salts formed by evaporation of seawater on duplex stainless steel. Corrosion, 64 (4). pp. 325-333.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2008) Impact of temperature excursion on stress corrosion cracking of stainless steel in chloride solution. Corros. Sci., 50 (4). pp. 913-917.

Turnbull, A; Pitts, J J*; Lord, J D (2008) Residual stress relaxation in shot peened high strength low alloy steel. Mater. Sci. Technol., 24 (3). pp. 327-334.

Schofield, E J*; Ingham, B*; Turnbull, A; Toney, M F*; Ryan, M P* (2008) Strain development in nanoporous metallic foils formed by dealloying. Appl. Phys. Lett., 92 (4). 043118

Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2008) Threshold temperature for stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel under evaporative seawater conditions. Corrosion, 64 (2). pp. 101-106.

Turnbull, A; Nicholson, P; Zhou, S (2007) Chemistry of concentrated salts formed by evaporation of formation water and the impact on stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel. Corrosion, 63 (6). pp. 555-560.

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2007) Impact of transient chemistry on the corrosion potential of steam turbine disc steel. Corros. Sci., 49 (6). pp. 2474-2485.

Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2006) Testing of supermartensitic stainless steel welds under cathodic protection at very low strain rates. Corrosion, 62 (5). pp. 371-374.

Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2005) Does calcareous scale formation on cathodically protected steel affect hydrogen uptake? Corrosion, 61 (9). pp. 835-837.

Hinds, G; Zhao, J*; Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (2005) Hydrogen diffusion in super 13% chromium martensitic stainless steel. Corrosion, 61 (4). pp. 348-354.

Griffiths, A J; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2005) Monotonic and cyclic slow strain rate testing of super 13% chromium steel welds under cathodic protection. Corrosion, 61 (2). pp. 111-118.

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2004) Influence of small fluctuating loads on environment stress cracking of polymers. Polym. Test., 23. pp. 419-422.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2004) Pit to crack transition in stress corrosion cracking of a steam turbine disc steel. Corros. Sci., 46. pp. 1239-1264.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S; Hinds, G (2004) Stress corrosion cracking of steam turbine disc steel - measurement of the crack-tip potential. Corros. Sci., 46 (1). pp. 193-211.

Griffiths, A J; Nimmo, W; Roebuck, B; Hinds, G; Turnbull, A (2004) A novel approach to characterising the mechanical properties of super 13 Cr steel welds. Mater. Sci. Eng.A, Struct. Mater., Prop. Microstruct., Process., 384. pp. 83-91.

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2003) Chemical probe technique for assessing the susceptibility of polymeric mouldings to environmental stress cracking. Polym. Test., 22. pp. 259-265.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J (2003) Corrosion and cracking of weldable 13 wt-%Cr martensitic stainless steels for application in the oil and gas industry. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 38 (1). pp. 21-50.

Turnbull, A; Ryan, M*; Willetts, A; Zhou, S (2003) Corrosion and electrochemical behaviour of 316L stainless steel in acetic solutions. Corros. Sci., 45. pp. 1051-1072.

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2003) Measurement of residual stress in engineering plastics using the hole-drilling technique. Polym. Test., 22. pp. 231-233.

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2003) Steam turbines part 1 - operating conditions and impurities in condensates, liquid films and deposits. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 38 (2). pp. 97-111.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2003) Steam turbines part 2 - stress corrosion cracking of turbine disc steels. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 38 (3). pp. 177-191.

Turnbull, A; Francis, P E; Ryan, M P*; Orkney, L P; Griffiths, A J; Hawkins, B* (2002) A novel approach to characterizing the corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel welds. Corrosion, 58 (12). pp. 1039-1048.

Turnbull, A; Coleman, D; Griffiths, A J (2001) Assessment of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of corrosion inhabitors in retarding propagation of localised corrosion. Br. Corros. J., 36 (3). pp. 210-214.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (2001) Defining the limits of application of duplex stainless steel coupled to carbon steel in oilfield environments. Corrosion, 57 (2). pp. 165-174.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A; Francis, P E; Orkney, L P; Ryan, M; Hawkins, B (2001) Evaluation of electrochemical techniques for characterising the corrosion resistance of superduplex stainless steel welds. Stainless Steel World (Septem). pp. 21-23.

Turnbull, A (2001) Modelling of the chemistry and electrochemistry in cracks - a review. Corrosion, 57 (2). pp. 175-189.

Turnbull, A; Maxwell, A S; Pillai, S (2000) Comparative assessment of slow strain rate, 4-pt. bend and constant load test methods for measuring environment stress cracking of polymers. Polym. Test., 19 (2). pp. 117-129.

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2000) Development of a pre-pitting procedure for turbine disc steel. Br. Corros. J., 35. pp. 120-124.

Turnbull, A (2000) Issues in modelling of environment assisted cracking. ASTM STP, 1401.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J; Reid, T A (1999) Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steels in caustic solutions at elevated temperatures. Stainless Steel World (Decemb). pp. 63-67.

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (1999) Corrosion database of duplex stainless steels. Stainless Steel World (March). p. 30.

Turnbull, A (1999) Impact of graphite gasket/duplex stainless steel couples on crevice chemistry and likelihood of crevice attack in seawater. Corrosion, 55 (2). pp. 206-212.

Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (1999) Influence of pitting on the fatigue life of a turbine blade steel. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 22 (12). pp. 1083-1094.

Turnbull, A; Maxwell, A S; Pillai, S (1999) Residual stress in polymers - evaluation of measurement techniques. J. Mater. Sci., 34 (3). pp. 451-459.

Slavcheva, E*; Shone, B*; Turnbull, A (1999) Review of naphthenic acid corrosion. Br. Corros. J., 34 (2). pp. 125-131.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1998) Galvanic coupling of corrosion resistant alloys in seawater at elevated temperatures. Stainless Steel World, 10 (1). pp. 38-39.

Turnbull, A; White, D*; Falla, N*; Smith, A (1997) Accelerated weathering of UPVC. J. Mater. Sci., 32 (9). p. 2313.

Turnbull, A; Falla, N*; Smith, A*; White, D* (1997) Accelerated weathering of UPVC. J. Mater. Sci., 32 (9). pp. 2313-2327.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1997) Hydrogen uptake and cracking in 22Cr duplex stainless steel under galvanic coupling conditions. Corrosion, 53 (9). pp. 700-704.

Turnbull, A (1997) Implications of internal cathodic reactions for crevice attack of stainless steels in chloride environments. Br. Corros. J., 32 (4). pp. 283-290.

Turnbull, A (1997) Modelling of crack chemistry in sensitized stainless steel in boiling water reactor environments. Corros. Sci., 39 (4). pp. 789-805.

Turnbull, A; Hutchings, R B; Ferriss, D H (1997) Modelling of thermal desorption of hydrogen from metals. Mater. Sci. Eng., A238. pp. 317-328.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J (1996) Implications of hydrogen uptake and transport for EAC testing and interpretation of results. Br. Corros. Jnl., 31 (1). pp. 39-43.

Turnbull, A; Falla, N*; White, D R*; Winter, T* (1996) Limitations of plasma erosion as an ultrafast weathering technique. Polym. Test., 15. pp. 455-466.

Turnbull, A; Ferris, D H (1996) Modelling of the hydrogen distribution at a crack tip. Mater. Sci. Eng.A, Struct. Mater., Prop. Microstruct., Process., 206 (1). pp. 1-13.

Turnbull, A; White, D R* (1996) Nanoindentation and microindentation of weathered UPVC. J. Mater. Sci., 31. pp. 4189-4198.

Turnbull, A (1995) Degradation of plastics: towards improved charaterisation. Mater. World (April). 182 - 183

Turnbull, A (1995) Factors affecting the reliability of hydrogen permeation measurement. Materials Science Forum, 192-19 (1). pp. 63-78.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1995) On the effective diffusivity of hydrogen in low alloy steels. Corros. Sci., 37 (11). p. 1879.

Cheung, W K; Francis, P E; Turnbull, A (1995) Test method for measurement of pit propagation rates. Materials Science Forum, 192-19 (1). pp. 185-196.

Turnbull, A; Hutchings, R B (1994) Analysis of hydrogen atom transport in a two phase alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng.A, Struct. Mater., Prop. Microstruct. Process., A177 (1 - 2). 161 - 171

White, J R*; Turnbull, A (1994) Weathering of polymers: mechanisms of degradation and stabilization: testing strategies and modelling. J. Mater. Sci., 29 (3). pp. 584-613.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1994) An investigation of the electrochemical polarisation behaviour of 6061 A1 metal matrix composites. Corros. Sci., 36 (1). 23 - 35

Turnbull, A (1993) Anodic ion oxide films and their effect on the hydrogen permeation through steel, by P. Bruzzoni and R. Garavaglia. Corros. Sci., 34 (10). pp. 1751-1752.

Turnbull, A (1993) Modelling of environment assisted cracking. Corros. Sci., 34 (6). pp. 921-960.

Hutchings, R B; Ferriss, D H; Turnbull, A (1993) Ratio of specimen thickness to charging area for reliable hydrogen permeation measurement. Br. Corros. J., 28 (4). pp. 309-312.

Turnbull, A (1993) Review of modelling of pit propagation kinetics. Br. Corros. J., 28 (4). pp. 297-308.

Griffiths, A J; Hutchings, R B; Turnbull, A (1993) Validation of the role of bulk charging of hydrogen in the corrosion fatigue cracking of a low alloy steel. Scr. Metall. Mater., 29 (5). pp. 623-626.

Conference or Workshop Item

Turnbull, A (2008) Current understanding of environment induced cracking of steam turbine steels. In: UNSPECIFIED.

Hinds, G; Cooling, P; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2008) Underdeposit test method for assessing performance of corrosion inhibitors. In: Eurocorr 2008, 2008.

Turnbull, A; Coleman, D; Griffiths, A J; Francis, P E (2002) Effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in retarding propagation of localised corrosion. In: Corrosion 2002, 8-12 April 2002, Denver, USA.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S; Willetts, A (2002) Environment assisted cracking of 316L stainless steel in acetic acid environments. In: Corrosion 2002, 8-12 April 2002, Denver, USA.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J (2002) An evaluation of the effect of artificial buffers on the corrosion and electrochemistry of super 13 Cr steel. In: Supermartensitic Stainless Steels 2002, October 2002, Brussels.

Turnbull, A (2001) Challenges in characterizing the crack-tip environment as a basis for prediction of crack growth kinetics. In: 10th International Conference on Fracture (ICF 10), 2-6 December 2001, Hawaii.

Turnbull, A (2001) Enviornment assisted cracking of metals - engineering challenges. In: National Measurement Conference (NMC) 2001, 6-8 November 2001, Harrogate, UK.

Turnbull, A; Zhou, S (2001) Environment assisted cracking of steam turbine steels - modelling of crack electrochemistry. In: Corrosion 2001, March 2001.

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2000) Influence of small fluctuating loads on environment stress cracking of polymers. In: Proceedings of Deformation, Yield and Fracture of Polymers, April 2000, Institute of Materials, Cambridge, UK.

Turnbull, A; Francis, P E; Griffiths, A J; Bennett, E G; Nimmo, W (2000) Measurement of corrosion resistance of super-duplex stainless steel welds by electrochemical techniques. In: Eurocorr 2000, September 2000, London, UK.

Maxwell, A S; Turnbull, A (2000) Measurement of residual stress in polymeric materials. In: 6th International Conference on Residual Stress, July 2000, Institute of Materials, UK.

Coleman, D; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A; Song, J* (2000) The use of neural networks to predict the susceptibility of duplex stainless steels to sulphide stress corrosion cracking. In: Eurocorr 2000, September 2000, London, UK.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J; Reid, T (1999) Hydrogen embittlement of duplex stainless steels evaluated by the interrupted slow strain rate technique. In: EUROCORR 99, August 1999, Aachen, Germany.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J; Reid, T A (1999) Hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steels - simulating service experience. In: Corrosion 1999, 1999.

Turnbull, A (1999) Importance of internal cathodic reactions on the chemistry and electrochemistry in crevices and cracks. In: Proceedings of Environmental Degradation of Engineering Materials, 1999, Gdansk.

Turnbull, A (1999) Testing and modelling for prediction of hydrogen embrittlement. In: International Conference on Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Material, July 1999, Oxford, UK.

Turnbull, A (1998) Current issues in hydrogen embrittlement. In: ECF 12. 12th Biennial Conference: Fracture from Defects, September 1998, Sheffield, UK.

Francis, P E; Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1997) Development of an improved test method to measure stress corrosion cracking under evaporation conditions. In: Eurocorr 97, 1997, Trondheim, Norway.

Slavcheva, E*; Shone, B*; Turnbull, A (1997) Factors controlling naphthenic acid corrosion. In: Proc. Corrosion '97, NACE, March 1997, Houston, USA.

Turnbull, A (1997) Graphite gaskets - benefit or risk. In: Proc. Corrosion Matters, Institute of Corrosion, October 1997, London.

Pillai, S; Bull, C; Turnbull, A (1997) Measurement of environment stress cracking of plastics. In: Euromat 97, 21-23 April 1997, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1997) Performance of duplex stainless steels coupled to carbon steels in oilfield environments. In: 5th World Conference on Duplex Stainless Steels, October 1997, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1997) Performance of duplex stainless steels in oilfield environments. In: Euromat 97, 21-23 April 1997, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1996) Impact of coupling to carbon steel on hydrogen uptake and cracking of duplex stainless steel in oilfield environments. In: Proc. 11th European conference on fracture, 1996, EMAS, West Midlands.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1996) Impact of long term exposure on corrosion fatigue crack growth of low alloy steels. In: Proc. CORROSION 96, NACE, 1996, Houston, Texas.

Turnbull, A; Dietzel, W*; Griffiths, A J (1996) Prenormalisation research in environment assisted cracking. In: Corrosion Standards II, National European and International Standards, 1990-1995, 1996, Institute of Materials.

Turnbull, A; Psaila-Dombrowski, M* (1995) Modelling of crevice chemistry in the secondary side of nuclear steam generators. In: Improving the Understanding and Control of Corrosion in the Secondary Side Steam Generators, October 1995, Airlie, VA, USA.

Turnbull, A; Lembach-Beylegaard, E; Hutchings, R B (1994) Hydrogen transport in SAF 2205 and SAF 2507 duplex stainless steels. In: Proc. Hydrogen Transport and Cracking in Metals, April 1994, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington.

Turnbull, A; Lembach-Beylegaard, E; Hutchings, R B (1994) Hydrogen transport in duplex stainless steels. In: Proc. Duplex Stainless Steels '94, November 1994, Glasgow.

Griffiths, A J; Hutchings, R B; Turnbull, A (1994) Hydrogen uptake and transport in low alloy steels. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Interaction of steels with hydrogen in petroleum industry pressure vessels and pipeline service, October 1994, Vienna.

Turnbull, A; Griffiths, A J (1994) Implications of hydrogen uptake and transport for EAC testing and interpretation of results. In: UK Corrosion and Eurocorr 94, October 1994, Bournemouth.

Turnbull, A (1994) Standardisation of hydrogen permeation measurement by the electrochemical technique. In: Hydrogen Transport and Cracking in Metals, April 1994, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington.

Griffiths, A J; Turnbull, A (1994) Time dependent factors in the corrosion fatigue testing of cathodically protected low alloy steels. In: Proc. Structural Materials in Marine Environments, May 1994, London.

Hutchings, R B; Turnbull, A (1993) Effect of charging environment on hydrogen permeation in low alloy steels. In: Progress in the Understanding and Prevention of Corrosion, July 1993, Barcelona.

Turnbull, A (1993) Mathematical modelling of localised corrosion. In: Proc. Conf. Modelling of aqueous corrosion, 1993, Plymouth,.

Book Chapter/Section

Wain, A J; Cox, D; Zhou, S; Turnbull, A (2012) Fabrication of Probes for in-situ mapping of electrocatalytic activity at the nanoscale. In: Materials Challenges and Testing for Supply of Energy and Resources. Springer, pp. 129-141. ISBN 9783642233470