Report/Guide

Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2006) Measurement and modelling of self-heating in piezoelectric materials and devices. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 84

Lodeiro, M J; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2005) Displacement and blocking force measurements of piezoelectric macroactuators. NPL Report. DEPC-MPR 040

Lodeiro, M J; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2004) A round-robin to measure the direct piezoelectric coefficient using the Berlincourt method. NPL Report. DEPC-MPR 008

Lodeiro, M J; Cain, M G (2003) Application of dielectric and fibre Bragg grating strain measurements to cure monitoring. NPL Report. MATC(MN)53

Cain, M G; Lodeiro, M J; Stewart, M; Theobalds, M (2002) 6MPI0301: Losses in piezoelectric materials. NPL Report. MATC(A)126

Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2002) The variability of piezoelectric measurements: material and measurement method contributions. NPL Report. MATC(A)100

Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2002) Measurement of the surface displacement in 1-3 piezo-composites. NPL Report. MATC(A)94

Lodeiro, M J; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2002) High frequency displacement and dielectric measurements in piezoelectric materials. NPL Report. MATC(MN)21

Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2001) CPM8.1 Task 4: the measurement of blocking force. NPL Report. MATC(A)48

Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2001) CPM8.1 Task 6: evaluation of new functional materials. NPL Report. MATC(A)58

Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2001) NMW0403: optical sensor characterisation and calibration device for integrated optical systems. NPL Report. MATC(A)57

Stewart, M; Battrick, W; Cain, M G (2001) Measuring piezoelectric d33 coefficents using the direct method. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 44

Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2001) Piezoelectric resonance. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 33

Barnett, M; Morrell, R; Hill, G J; Cain, M G (2000) EC SMT project, 'CERAMELEC' WP10 - Electric Strength. NPL Report. CMMT(A)294

Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Hall, D A* (1999) Ferroelectric hysteresis measurement and analysis. NPL Report. CMMT(A)152

Lowrie, F*; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (1999) Finite element analysis of piezoelectric ceramics. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 24

Stewart, M; Cain, M G (1999) Measurement of high field dielectric properties of piezoelectric materials. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 25

Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Gee, M G (1999) Method of measuring piezoelectric displacement in piezoelectric ceramics. Measurement Good Practice Guide. 23

Lowrie, F*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Gee, M G (1999) Time dependent behaviour of piezo-electric materials. NPL Report. CMMT(A)151

Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Gee, M G (1999) Degradation of piezoelectric materials. NPL Report. CMMT(A)148

Lowrie, F*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (1999) Finite element modelling of electroceramics. NPL Report. CMMT(A)150

Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Gee, M G (1999) Real time evaluation of piezoelectric materials. NPL Report. CMMT(A)149

Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Gee, M G (1998) Experimental measurement methods for the evaluation of degradation in piezoelectric ceramics. NPL Report. CMMT(A)116

Gee, M G; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (1997) Materials and test conditions for project Cam 7. NPL Report. CMMT(A)78

Article

Li, Z; Koval, V; Mahajan, A; Gao, Z; Vecchini, C; Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Tao, K; Jia, C; Viola, G; Yan, H (2020) Room-temperature multiferroic behavior in layer-structured Aurivillius phase ceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 117 (5). 052903 ISSN 0003-6951

Chapman, J B J; Gindele, O T; Vecchini, C; Thompson, P; Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Duffy, D M; Kimmel, A V (2018) Low temperature ferroelectric behavior in morphotropic Pb (Zr1-xTix)0-3. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 101 (2). pp. 874-882.

Naftaly, M; Cain, M G; Lepadatu, S; Buchacher, T*; Allam, J* (2016) Dielectric constants of bulk ferroelectric PZT measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Adv. Appl. Ceram., 115 (5). pp. 260-263.

Stewart, M; Lepadatu, S; McCartney, L N; Cain, M G; Wright, L; Crain, J; Newns, D M*; Martyna, G J* (2015) Electrode size and boundary condition independent measurement of the effective piezoelectric coefficient of thin films. APL Mater., 3 (2). 026103

CHen, C*; Ning, H P*; Lepadatu, S; Cain, M G; Yan, H X*; Reece, M J* (2015) Ferroelectricity in Dion-Jacobson ABiNb(2)O(7) (A= Rb, Cs) compounds. J. Mater. Chem. C, 3 (1). pp. 19-22.

Weaver, P M; Stevenson, T*; Quast, T*; Bartl, G*; Schmitz-Kempen, T*; Woolliams, P; Blumfield, A; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2015) High temperature measurement and characterisation of piezoelectric properties. J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Electron., 26 (12). pp. 9268-9278.

Tamvakos, D*; Lepadatu, S; Antohe, V-A*; Tamvakos, A*; Weaver, P M; Piraux, L*; Cain, M G; Pullono, D* (2015) Piezoelectric properties of template-free electrochemically grown ZnO nanorod arrays. Appl. Surf. Sci., 356. pp. 1214-1220.

Gindele, O*; Kimmel, A*; Cain, M G; Duffy, D* (2015) Shell model force field for lead zirconate titanate Pb(zr1-xTix)O-3. J. Phys. Chem. C, 119 (31). pp. 17784-17789.

Vecchini, C; Thompson, P*; Stewart, M; Muniz-Piniella, A; McMitchell, S R C*; Wooldridge, J; Lepadatu, S; Bouchenoire, L*; Brown, S*; Wermeille, D*; Bikondoa, O*; Lucas, C A*; Hase, T P A*; Lesourd, M*; Dontsov, D*; Cain, M G (2015) Simultaneous dynamic electrical and structural measurements of functional materials. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 86 (10). 103901

Jalali, N*; Briscoe, J*; Tan, Y Z*; Woolliams, P D; Stewart, M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Dunn, S* (2015) ZnO nanorod surface modification with PDDA/PSS bi-layer assembly for performance improvement of ZnO piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 73 (3). pp. 544-549.

Alaria, J*; Borisov, P*; Dyer, M S*; Manning, T D*; Lepadatu, S; Cain, M G; Mishina, E D*; Sherstyuk, N E*; Ilyin, N A*; Hadermann, J*; Lederman, D*; Claridge, J B*; Rosseinsky, M J* (2014) Engineered spatial inversion symmetry breaking in an oxide heterostructure built from isosymmetric room-temperature magnetically ordered components. Chem. Sci., 5 (4). pp. 1599-1610.

Vopson, M M; Lees, K; Hall, M J; Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Tran, Y* (2014) High frequency magnetization dynamics metrology using a pulsed field inductive microwave magnetometer. Meas. Sci. Technol., 25 (1). 015601

Jalali, N*; Woolliams, P D; Stewart, M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Dunn, S*; Briscoe, J* (2014) Improved performance of p-n junction-based ZnO Nanogenerators through CuSCN-passivation of ZnO nanorods. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2 (28). pp. 10945-10951.

McCartney, L N; Wright, L; Cain, M G; Crain, J; Martyna, G J*; Newns, D M* (2014) Methods for determining piezoelectric properties of thin epitaxial films: theoretical foundations. J. Appl. Phys., 116 (1). 014104

Lepadatu, S*; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2014) Quantification of electromechanical coupling measured with piezoresponse force microscopy. J. Appl. Phys., 116 (6). 066806

Lepadatu, S; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2014) Quantification of electromechanical coupling measured with piezoresponse force microscopy. J. Appl. Phys., 116 (6). 066806

Wooldridge, J; Stewart, M; Vecchini, C; Cain, M G; Gutmann, M*; Reece, M* (2014) Temperature and frequency dependence of electric field induced phase transitions in PMN-0.32PT. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 97 (7). pp. 2111-2115.

Jiang, Q H*; Ning, H P*; Zhang, Q*; Cain, M G; Reece, M J*; Yan, H* (2013) Active ferroelectricity in nanostructured multiferroic BiFeO3 bulk ceramics. J. Mater. Chem. C, 1 (36). pp. 5628-5631.

Blackburn, J F; Cain, M G (2013) Coupling efficiency in piezoelectric actuators with direct current and alternating current excitation. J. Appl. Phys., 113 (18). 184101

Blackburn, J F; Cain, M G (2013) Coupling efficiency in piezoelectric actuators, variation with excitation and frequency. J. Appl. Phys., 113 (18). 184101

Wooldridge, J; Blackburn, J; Muniz-Piniella, A; Stewart, M; Shean, T A V; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G (2013) Finite element analysis of the vertical levitation force in an electrostatic MEMS comb drive actuator. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 472. 012002

Woolliams, P D; Weaver, P M; Correia, T M; Cain, M G; Pickwell, A*; Dorey, R A* (2013) Lead zirconate titanate coating of tungsten carbide-cobalt to enable smart coatings. Sens. Actuators A, Phys., 194. pp. 47-51.

Kimmel, A V*; Iniguez, J*; Cain, M G; Sushko, P V* (2013) Neutral and charged oxygen vacancies induce two-dimensional electron gas near SiO2/BaTiO3 interfaces. J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 4 (2). pp. 333-337.

Ryding, S*; Cernik, R*; Wooldridge, J; Burnett, T L; Stewart, M; Vecchini, C; Cain, M G; Lennie, A*; Yuan, F J*; Tang, C*; Thompson, P* (2013) Simultaneous measurement ox X-ray powder diffraction and ferroelectric polarisation data as a function of applied electric field at a range of frequencies. Powder Diffr., 28. S220-S227

Wooldridge, J; Muniz-Piniella, A; Stewart, M; Shean, T A V; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G (2013) Vertical comb drive actuator for the measurement of piezoelectric coefficients in small-scale systems. J. Micromechan. Microeng., 23 (3). 035028

Briscoe, J*; Jalali, N*; Woolliams, P D; Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Weaver, P M; Dunn, S* (2013) Zno nanogenerators - energy generation through scavenging vibration, advantages of using a diode. Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 8763. 876308

Correia, T M; McMillen, M*; Rokosz, M K*; Weaver, P M; Gregg, J M*; Viola, G*; Cain, M G (2013) A lead-free and high energy density ceramic for energy storage applications. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 96 (9). pp. 2699-2702.

Stewart, M; Weaver, P; Cain, M G (2012) Charge redistribution in piezoelectric energy harvesters. Appl. Phys. Lett., 100 (7). 073901

Kimmel, A V; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Sushko, P V* (2012) Defect-mediated lattice relaxation and domain stability in ferroelectric oxides. Phys. Rev. Lett., 109 (11). 117601

McGilly, L J*; Burnett, T L; Schilling, A*; Cain, M G; Gregg, J M* (2012) Domain annihilation due to temperature and thickness gradients in single-crystal BaTiO3. Phys. Rev. B, 85 (5). 054113

McMillen, M*; Douglas, A M*; Correia, T M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Gregg, J M* (2012) Increasing recoverable energy storage in electroceramic capacitors using "dead-layer" engineering. Appl. Phys. Lett., 101 (24). 242909

Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G; Sreenivasulu, G*; Srinivasan, G*; Bolbashov, A M* (2012) Multiferroic composite for combined detection of static and alternating magnetic fields. Mater. Lett., 66 (1). pp. 282-284.

Briscoe, J*; Stewart, M; Vopson, M; Cain, M G; Weaver, P M; Dunn, S* (2012) Nanostructured p-n junctions for kinetic-to-electrical energy conversion. Adv. Energy Mater., 2 (10). pp. 1261-1268.

Viola, G*; Ning, H*; Reece, M J*; Wilson, R*; Correia, T M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Yan, H* (2012) Reversibility in electric field-induced transitions and energy storage properties in bismuth-based perovskite ceramics. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 45 (35). 355302

Wooldridge, J; Ryding, S*; Brown, S*; Burnett, T L; Cain, M G; Cernik, R*; Hino, R*; Stewart, M; Thompson, P (2012) Simultaneous measurement of X-ray diffraction and ferroelectric polarization data as a function of applied electric field and frequency. J. Synchrotron Radiat., 19 (5). pp. 710-716.

Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Stewart, M; Anson, A*; Franks, J*; Lipscomb, I P*; McBride, J W*; Zheng, D*; Swingler, J* (2012) The effects of porosity, electrode and barrier materials on the conductivity of piezoelectric ceramics in high humidity and dc electric field. Smart Mater. Struct., 21 (4). 045012

Chaure, N B*; Pal, C*; Barard, S*; Kreouzis, T*; Ray, A K*; Cammidge, A N*; Chanbrier, I*; Cook, M J*; Murphy, C E; Cain, M G (2012) A liquid crystalline copper phthalocyanine derivative for high performance organic thin film transistors. J. Mater. Chem., 22 (36). pp. 19179-19189.

Li, M R*; Adem, U*; McMitchell, S R C*; Xu, Z L*; Thomas, C I*; Warren, J E*; Giap, D V*; Niu, H J*; Wan, X M*; Palgrave, R G*; Schiffmann, F*; Cora, F*; Slater, B*; Burnett, T L; Cain, M G; Abakumov, A M*; van Tendeloo, G*; Thomas, M F*; Rosseinsky, M J*; Claridge, J B* (2012) A polar corundum oxide displaying weak ferromagnetism at room temperature. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134 (8). pp. 3737-3747.

Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Correia, T M; Stewart, M (2011) Electromechanical coupling and temperature dependent polarisation reversal in piezoelectric ceramics. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Feroelectr. Freq. Control, 58 (9). pp. 1730-1736.

Chaure, N B*; Cammidge, A N*; Chambrier, I*; Cook, M J*; Cain, M G; Murphy, C E; Pal, C*; Ray, A K* (2011) High mobility solution processed copper phthalocyanine-based organic field-effect transistors. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 12 (2). 025001

Jiang, Q H*; Liu, F T*; Yan, H X*; Ning, H P*; Libor, Z*; Zhang, Q*; Cain, M G; Reece, M J* (2011) Magneto-electric properties of multiferroicPb(Zr(0.52)T(i0.48))O(3)-NiFe(2)O(4) nanoceramic composites. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 94 (8). pp. 2311-2314.

Vopsaroiu, M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Reece, M J*; Chong, K B* (2011) Polarization dynamics and non-equilibrium switching processes in ferroelectrics. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 58 (9). pp. 1867-1873.

Wooldridge, J; Blackburn, J F; McCertney, L N; Stewart, M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G (2011) Small-scale piezoelectric devices: Pyroelectric contributions to the piezoelectric response (vol 107, 104118,2010). J. Appl. Phys., 109 (7). 079901

Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G; Woolliams, P D; Weaver, P M; Stewart, M; Wright, C D*; Tran, Y* (2011) Voltage control of the magnetic coercive field: multiferroic coupling or artefact? J. Appl. Phys., 109 (6). 066101

Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G; Kuncer, V* (2011) The integral magneto-refractive effect: a method of probing magneto-resistance. J. Appl. Phys., 110 (5). 056103

Blackburn, J; Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G (2010) Composite multiferroics as magnetic field detectors: how to optimise magneto-electric coupling. Adv. Appl. Ceram., 109 (3). pp. 169-174.

Burnett, T L; Weaver, P M; Blackburn, J F; Stewart, M; Cain, M G (2010) Correlation of electron backscatter diffraction and piezoresponse force microscopy for the nanoscale characterization of ferroelectric domains in polycrystalline lead zirconate titanate. J. Appl. Phys., 108 (4). 042001

Alguero, M*; Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Ramos, P*; Ricote, J*; Calzada, M L* (2010) Properties of morphotropic phase boundary Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 films with submicron range thickness on Si based substrates. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 43 (20). 205401

Wooldridge, J; Blackburn, J; de Podesta, M; Stewart, M; Weaver, P; Cain, M G (2010) Pyroelectric contributions to piezoelectric hydrostatic Berlincourt method. Adv. Appl. Ceram., 109 (3). pp. 143-146.

Wooldridge, J; Blackburn, J F; McCartney, L N; Stewart, M; Weaver, P M; Cain, M G (2010) Small-scale piezoelectric devices: Pyroelectric contributions to the piezoelectric response. J. Appl. Phys., 107 (10). 104118

Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2010) Temperature dependence of high field electromechanical coupling in ferroelectric ceramics. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 43 (16). 165404

Weaver, P M; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2010) Temperature dependence of strain polarization coupling in ferroelectric ceramics. Appl. Phys. Lett., 96 (14). 142905

Vopsaroiu, M; Blackburn, J; Cain, M G; Weaver, P (2010) Thermally activated switching kinetics in second order phase transition ferroelectrics. Phys. Rev. B, 82 (2). 024109

Vopsaroiu, M; Stanton, T*; Thomas, O; Cain, M G; Thompson, S M* (2009) Infrared metrology for spintronic materials and devices. Meas. Sci. Technol., 20 (4). 045109

Calzada, M L*; Algueró, M*; Santos, A*; Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Pardo, L* (2009) Piezoelectric, ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO thin films with compositions around the morphotropic phase boundary prepared by a sol-gel process of reduced thermal budget. J. Mater. Res., 24 (2). pp. 526-533.

Lowe, M J; Hegarty, T; Mingard, K P; Li, J; Cain, M G (2008) Crystallographic mapping of ferroelectric thin films and single crystals using piezoresponse force microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. J. Phys., Conf. Ser., 126. 012011

Lowe, M J; Hegarty, T; Mingard, K P; Li, J*; Cain, M G (2008) Electron backscatter diffraction and piezoresponse force microscopy study of bulk and thin film pzt samples. Integrated Ferroelectrics, 98. pp. 136-143.

Burnett, T L*; Comyn, T P*; Merson, E*; Bell, A J*; Mingard, K P; Hegarty, T; Cain, M G (2008) Electron-Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) as a domain analysis technique in BiFeO3-PbTiO3 single crystals. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Feroelectr. Freq. Control, 55 (5). pp. 957-962.

Vopsaroiu, M; Stewart, M; Hegarty, T; Muniz-Piniella, A; McCartney, L N; Cain, M G; Srinivasan, G* (2008) Experimental determination of the magneto-electric coupling coefficient via piezo-electric measurements. Meas. Sci. Technol., 19. 045106

Vopsaroiu, M; Blackburn, J; Muniz-Piniella, A; Cain, M G (2008) Multiferroic magnetic recording read head technology for 1Tb/in2 and beyond. J. Appl. Phys., 103. 07F506

Ursic, H*; Lowe, M*; Stewart, M; Hrovat, M*; Belavic, D*; Holc, J*; Zarnik, M S*; Kosec, M*; Cain, M G (2008) PZT thick films on different cramic substrates; piezoelectric measurements. J. Electroceram., 20 (1). pp. 11-16.

Dent, A C E*; Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2008) Tensile strength of active fibre composites - prediction and measurement. Ferroelectronics, 368 (1). pp. 209-215.

Vopsaroiu, M; Stewart, M; Fry, T; Cain, M G; Srinivasan, G* (2008) Tuning the magneto-electric effect of multiferroic composites via crystallographic texture. IEEE Trans. Magn., 44 (11). pp. 3017-3020.

Blackburn, J F; Vopsariou, M; Cain, M G (2008) Verified finite element simulation of multiferroic structures: solutions for conducting and insulating systems. J. Appl. Phys., 104 (7). 074104

Rayner, P J*; Wilson, S A*; Whatmore, R W*; Cain, M G (2008) A simple technique for automated performance testing of piezoelectric micro-motors by transient motion analysis. Sens. Actuators A, Phys., 144 (1). pp. 130-134.

Rayner, P J*; Wilson, S A*; Whatmore, R W*; Cain, M G (2008) A simple technique for automated performance testing of piezoelectric micro-motors by transient motion analysis. Sens. Actuators A, Phys., 144 (1). pp. 130-134.

Blackburn, J F; Cain, M G (2007) Non-linear piezoelectric resonance analysis using burst mode: a rigorous solution. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 40. pp. 227-233.

Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G; Blackburn, J (2007) A new magnetic recording read head technology based on the magneto-electric effect. J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 40. pp. 5027-5033.

Bowen, C R*; Dent, A C*; Nelson, L J*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2006) Failure and volume fraction dependent mechanical properties of composites sensors and actuators. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. C, J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 220 (11). pp. 1655-1664.

Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Nelson, L J*; Dent, A C*; Dolman, G*; Su, B*; Button, T W*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2006) Manufacture and characterization of high activity piezoelectric fibres. Smart Mater. Struct., 15 (2). pp. 295-301.

Blackburn, J F; Cain, M G (2006) Nonlinear piezoelectric resonance: a theoretically rigorous approach to constant I-V measurements. J. Appl. Phys., 100. 114101

Bowen, C R*; Nelson, L J*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2006) Optimisation of interdigitated electrodes for piezoelectric actuators and active fibre composites. J. Electroceram., 16 (4). pp. 263-269.

Dent, A C*; Nelson, L J*; Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2005) Characterisation and properties of fine scale PZT fibres. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 25 (12). pp. 2387-2391.

Nelson, L J*; Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2004) Evaluation of high field response of fine scale piezoelectric fibres. Integrated Ferroelectrics, 63. pp. 41-47.

Nelson, L J*; Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2003) High field behaviour of piezoelectric fibre composites. Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 5053. pp. 544-555.

Nelson, L J*; Bowen, C R*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2003) Modelling and measurement of piezoelectric fibres and interdigitated electrodes for the optimisation of piezofibre composites. Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 5053. pp. 556-567.

Cain, M G; Little, P* (2003) Sensing success for functional ceramics. GlobalWatch (Feb). pp. 4-5.

Cain, M G (2002) Performance related properties for electroceramics. VAMAS Bulletin, 25. pp. 44-46.

Cain, M G; Stewart, M (1999) Measurement and assessment of degradation in monolithic and multilayer piezoelectric ceramics. Institute of Materials, 718 (1). pp. 85-86.

Cain, M G; Lay, L; Morrell, R (1999) Surface roughness measurement of engineering ceramics - results of an interlaboratory evaluation. Institute of Materials Conference Series, 718 (2). pp. 563-564.

Conference or Workshop Item

Naftaly, M; Cain, M G; Lepadatu, S; Buchacher, T*; Allam, J*; Molloy, J F (2015) Dielectric constants of ferroelectric PZT at THz frequencies. In: 40th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 23-28 August 2015, Hong Konh.

Vopsaroiu, M; Blackburn, J; Cain, M G (2009) Emerging technologies and opportunities based on the magneto-electric effect in multiferroic composites. In: Proceedings of the Materials Research Society., 2009, Materials Research Society, PA, USA.

Stewart, M; Cain, M G; Weaver, P* (2008) Use of Piezoceramics as DC actuators in Harsh environments. In: Actuator 2008, 9-11 June 2008, Bremen, Germany.

Bowen, C R*; Dent, A C*; Stevens, R*; Cain, M G; Stewart, M (2005) Determination of critical and minimum volume fraction for composite sensors and actuators. In: 4M 2005 - First International Conference on Multi-Material Micro Manufacture, 2005, Cardiff, UK.

Cain, M G (2001) Smart materials: complexity of measurement. In: National Measurement Conference (NMC) 2001, 6-8 November 2001, Harrogate, UK.

Berry, B F; Kennell, P; Cain, M G (1999) Foresight associated programmes at the National Physical Laboratory. In: National Measurement Conference (NMC) 1999, 2-4 November 1999, Brighton, UK.

Book Chapter/Section

Vopsaroiu, M; Cain, M G; Kuncser, V*; Blackburn, J (2008) A solid state nano-generator: concept, design and theoretical estimations. In: Functionalized Nanoscale Materials, Devices and Systems. Springer, pp. 431-436. ISBN 9781402089039